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A cellphone-based colorimetric multi-channel sensor for water environmental monitoring

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第12期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1590-z

摘要：

● A cellphone-based colorimetric multi-channel sensor for in-field detection.

关键词： Colorimetric analysis Multi-channel sensor Cellphone Water quality indexes Environmental monitoring

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陶瓷中空纤维内表面制备聚二甲基硅氧烷复合膜——从单通道到多通道 Article

董孜业, 朱海鹏, 杭颖婷, 刘公平, 金万勤

《工程（英文）》 2020年第6卷第1期页码 89-99 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.10.012

摘要：

在中空纤维载体内表面沉积分离层制备中空纤维复合内膜为其工业应用提供更多机遇，然而目前仍面临诸多挑战。本文提出通过涂覆/错流法在单通道或多通道陶瓷中空纤维内表面制备聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）复合膜。通过控制聚合物浓度和涂覆时间，优化了PDMS／陶瓷中空纤维复合内膜的纳米结构和分离性能。分别用场发射电镜（FE-SEM）、傅里叶红外光谱（ATR-FTIR）、纳米压痕/划痕技术和渗透气化回收生物丁醇测试表征了膜的形貌、表面化学性质、界面结合力和分离性能。系统研究了陶瓷中空纤维内表面PDMS膜层的形成机理。优化的PDMS/陶瓷中空纤维复合内膜具有薄且无缺陷的分离层，用于60 ℃下1 wt％正丁醇-水混合物分离，通量高达约1800 g·m^–2·h^–1，分离因子为35~38。本文提出涂覆/错流的简便方法用于制备中空纤维内表面涂层，显现出巨大潜力，在膜材料、吸附剂、复合材料等领域具有广泛应用前景。

关键词：陶瓷中空纤维内膜渗透汽化聚二甲基硅氧烷丁醇

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Development and testing of a wireless smart toolholder with multi-sensor fusion

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第18卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-023-0774-y

摘要： The smart toolholder is the core component in the development of intelligent and precise manufacturing. It enables in situ monitoring of cutting data and machining accuracy evolution and has become a focal point in academic research and industrial applications. However, current table and rotational dynamometers for milling force, vibration, and temperature testing suffer from cumbersome installation and provide only a single acquisition signal, which limits their use in laboratory settings. In this study, we propose a wireless smart toolholder with multi-sensor fusion for simultaneous sensing of milling force, vibration, and temperature signals. We select force, vibration, and temperature sensors suitable for smart toolholder fusion to adapt to the cutting environment. Thereafter, structural design, circular runout, dynamic balancing, static stiffness, and dynamic inherent frequency tests are conducted to assess its dynamic and static performance. Finally, the smart toolholder is tested for accuracy and repeatability in terms of force, vibration, and temperature. Experimental results demonstrate that the smart toolholder accurately captures machining data with a relative deviation of less than 1.5% compared with existing force gauges and provides high repeatability of milling temperature and vibration signals. Therefore, it is a smart solution for machining condition monitoring.

关键词： wireless smart toolholder multi-sensor fusion circular runout dynamic balancing static stiffness dynamic inherent frequency

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Fault diagnosis of axial piston pumps with multi-sensor data and convolutional neural network

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第17卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0692-4

摘要： Axial piston pumps have wide applications in hydraulic systems for power transmission. Their condition monitoring and fault diagnosis are essential in ensuring the safety and reliability of the entire hydraulic system. Vibration and discharge pressure signals are two common signals used for the fault diagnosis of axial piston pumps because of their sensitivity to pump health conditions. However, most of the previous fault diagnosis methods only used vibration or pressure signal, and literatures related to multi-sensor data fusion for the pump fault diagnosis are limited. This paper presents an end-to-end multi-sensor data fusion method for the fault diagnosis of axial piston pumps. The vibration and pressure signals under different pump health conditions are fused into RGB images and then recognized by a convolutional neural network. Experiments were performed on an axial piston pump to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method. Results show that the proposed multi-sensor data fusion method greatly improves the fault diagnosis of axial piston pumps in terms of accuracy and robustness and has better diagnostic performance than other existing diagnosis methods.

关键词： axial piston pump fault diagnosis convolutional neural network multi-sensor data fusion

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A multi-sensor relation model for recognizing and localizing faults of machines based on network analysis

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第18卷第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0736-9

摘要： Recently, advanced sensing techniques ensure a large number of multivariate sensing data for intelligent fault diagnosis of machines. Given the advantage of obtaining accurate diagnosis results, multi-sensor fusion has long been studied in the fault diagnosis field. However, existing studies suffer from two weaknesses. First, the relations of multiple sensors are either neglected or calculated only to improve the diagnostic accuracy of fault types. Second, the localization for multi-source faults is seldom investigated, although locating the anomaly variable over multivariate sensing data for certain types of faults is desirable. This article attempts to overcome the above weaknesses by proposing a global method to recognize fault types and localize fault sources with the help of multi-sensor relations (MSRs). First, an MSR model is developed to learn MSRs automatically and further obtain fault recognition results. Second, centrality measures are employed to analyze the MSR graphs learned by the MSR model, and fault sources are therefore determined. The proposed method is demonstrated by experiments on an induction motor and a centrifugal pump. Results show the proposed method’s validity in diagnosing fault types and sources.

关键词： fault recognition fault localization multi-sensor relations network analysis graph neural network

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A thermally flexible and multi-site tactile sensor for remote 3D dynamic sensing imaging

Guoting Xia, Yinuo Huang, Fujiang Li, Licheng Wang, Jinbo Pang, Liwei Li, Kai Wang

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第6期页码 1039-1051 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1901-5

摘要： A flexible, multi-site tactile and thermal sensor (MTTS) based on polyvinylidene fluoride (resolution 50 × 50) is reported. It can be used to implement spatial mapping caused by tactile and thermal events and record the two-dimensional motion trajectory of a tracked target object. The output voltage and current signal are recorded as a mapping by sensing the external pressure and thermal radiation stimulus, and the response distribution is dynamically observed on the three-dimensional interface. Through the mapping relationship between the established piezoelectric and pyroelectric signals, the piezoelectric component and the pyroelectric component are effectively extracted from the composite signals. The MTTS has a good sensitivity for tactile and thermal detection, and the electrodes have good synchronism. In addition, the signal interference is less than 9.5% and decreases as the pressure decreases after the distance between adjacent sites exceeds 200 µm. The integration of MTTS and signal processing units has potential applications in human-machine interaction systems, health status detection and smart assistive devices.

关键词： tactile/thermal sensor piezoelectric/pyroelectric effects high resolution spatial mapping motion monitoring

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Optimum design of a channel roughened by dimples to improve cooling performance

Abdus SAMAD, Ki-Don LEE, Kwang-Yong KIM, Jin-Hyuk KIM,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第2期页码 262-268 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0012-2

摘要： Staggered arrays of dimples imprinted on opposite surfaces of an internal flow channel have been formulated numerically to enhance turbulent heat transfer compromising with pressure drop. The channel is simulated with the help of three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) analysis. Three non-dimensional design variables based on dimple size and channel dimensions and two objectives related to heat transfer and pressure drag have been considered for shape optimization. A weighted-sum method for multi-objective optimization is applied to integrate multiple objectives into a single objective and polynomial response surface approximation (RSA) coupling with a gradient based search algorithm has been implemented as optimization technique. By the present effort, heat transfer rate is increased much higher than pressure drop and the thermal performance also has shown improvement for the optimum design as compared to the reference one. The optimum design produces lower channel height, wider dimple spacing, and deeper dimple as compared to the reference one.

关键词： Staggered three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged multi-objective optimization reference transfer

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Adaptive robust beamformer formulti-pair two-way relay networks with imperfect channel state information

Jin WANG,Feng SHU,Ri-qing CHEN,Yu-di CUI,Yu CHEN,Jun LI

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第17卷第3期页码 265-280 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500134

摘要： In wideband multi-pair two-way relay networks, the performance of beamforming at a relay station (RS) is intimately related to the accuracy of the channel state information (CSI) available. The accuracy of CSI is determined by Doppler spread, delay between beamforming and channel estimation, and density of pilot symbols, including transmit power of pilot symbols. The coefficient of the Gaussian-Markov CSI error model is modeled as a function of CSI delay, Doppler spread, and signal-to-noise ratio, and can be estimated in real time. In accordance with the real-time estimated coefficients of the error model, an adaptive robust maximum signal-to-interferenceand- noise ratio (Max-SINR) plus maximum signal-to-leakage-and-noise ratio (Max-SLNR) beamformer at an RS is proposed to track the variation of the CSI error. From simulation results and analysis, it is shown that: compared to existing non-adaptive beamformers, the proposed adaptive beamformer is more robust and performs much better in the sense of bit error rate (BER); with increase in the density of transmit pilot symbols, its BER and sum-rate performances tend to those of the beamformer of Max-SINR plus Max-SLNR with ideal CSI.

关键词： Multi-pair two-way relay Adaptive robust beamformer Channel state information (CSI) Maximum signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (Max-SINR) Maximum signal-to-leakage-and-noise ratio (Max-SLNR)

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边信道攻击和学习向量量化 Article

Ehsan SAEEDI, Yinan KONG, Md. Selim HOSSAIN

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第18卷第4期页码 511-518 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500460

摘要：尽管加密算法已得到改进，加密系统的安全性仍然是密码系统设计者关注的重点。边信道攻击可利用加密系统的物理漏洞来获取秘密信息。目前提出的多种边信道信息分析方法中，机器学习被认为是一种有前景的方法。基于神经网络的机器学习可获得指令标志（功耗与电磁辐射），并自动识别。本文对椭圆曲线加密（Elliptic curve cryptography, ECC）的现场可编程门阵列（field-programmable gate array, FPGA）实现展开了新的实验研究，探讨了基于学习向量量化（Learning vector quantization, LVQ）神经网络的边信道信息表征的效率。LVQ作为多类分类器的主要特点是它具有学习复杂非线性输入-输出关系、使用顺序训练程序和适应数据的能力。实验结果表明基于LVQ的多类分类是边信道数据表征的强大且有前景的方法。

关键词：边信道攻击；椭圆曲线加密；多类分类；学习向量量化

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基于遗传算法的传感器网络拓扑控制研究

刘林峰,庄艳艳,刘业

《中国工程科学》 2008年第10卷第2期页码 66-71

摘要：

无线传感器网络的首要设计目标是延长网络生命期，网络的拓扑控制是实现这一目标的支撑基础。针对传统拓扑控制方案所获拓扑的连通冗余度高或结构健壮性低等弊端，将问题转化为多判据最小生成树模型，提出了一种基于遗传算法的拓扑控制方案。仿真实验结果表明，该方案可获得具有网络整体功耗低、结构健壮性高和节点间通信干扰小等特点的拓扑结构，因而能够有效地延长传感器网络生命期。

关键词：无线传感器网络拓扑控制多判据最小生成树问题遗传算法

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Evaluation of aquatic rehabilitation technologies for polluted urban rivers and the case study of the Foshan Channel

Haifeng JIA, Nan DONG, Hongtao MA,

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第2期页码 213-220 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0023-6

摘要： An index system for evaluation of technologies for urban river rehabilitation was proposed and discussed. The index system includes indicators of cost, resources, environmental improvement, and social effects. The calculation method for an objective value of each index based on its attributes and weights was presented. The Foshan Channel, which is a seriously polluted, black and malodorous urban river in Foshan City, China, was selected as a case study. The values of the attributes and the weights of the indices for the Foshan Channel were determined. The technologies for the rehabilitation of the Foshan Channel were evaluated based on this index system. Finally, a rehabilitation scheme for the Foshan Channel was proposed.

关键词： river rehabilitation urban rivers river pollution multi-objective analysis the Foshan Channel

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一种面向地面区域检测和目标跟踪的多传感器系统协同调度方法 Research Article

张昀普,付强,单甘霖

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第24卷第2期页码 245-258 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200121

摘要：本文提出一种面向多任务协同的多传感器系统协同调度方法，并将其应用于地面区域检测和目标跟踪。调度的目的是选择最佳的传感器来完成分配的作战任务，并获得最佳作战收益。首先建立区域检测模型，并提出检测风险的计算方法以量化在调度中的检测收益。然后结合道路约束信息和多普勒盲区信息建立地面目标跟踪模型，并引入后验克拉美罗下限评估未来时刻的跟踪精度。最后，考虑检测、跟踪和能耗控制的需求建立目标函数，通过求解目标函数，得到最优的传感器调度方案。仿真结果表明，所提传感器调度方法可以选择合适的传感器完成所需作战任务，并在区域检测、目标跟踪和能耗控制方面均具有良好性能。

关键词：传感器调度；区域检测；目标跟踪；道路约束；多普勒盲区

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基于切换和迁移多执行体架构虚拟机的云侧信道攻击防御技术 Regular Papers

Chao YANG, Yun-fei GUO, Hong-chao HU, Ya-wen WANG, Qing TONG, Ling-shu LI

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第20卷第5期页码 731-748 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1800526

摘要：云中不同租户的虚拟机共存为以信息泄露为目标的侧信道攻击创造了便利条件。然而，当前绝大多数防御技术都存在通用性或兼容性问题，无法在真实环境下实现快速部署。作为云系统固有功能之一，虚拟机迁移机制可通过在服务器之间迁移虚拟机，限制租户共存，从而提供一种具有应用前景的防御思路。本文首先建立一个统一的攻击模型，攻击者关注的目标是有效侧信道攻击。设计了一种包含多执行架构虚拟机的新型云系统：Driftor。对于其中每个虚拟机，同一时刻有且仅有一个执行体处于运行状态，并通过代理提供服务，以此降低可能泄漏的信息量。为模拟虚拟机迁移机制，系统将在虚拟机不同执行体之前周期性切换运行状态，同时通过真实迁移操作加强防御效果。为解决CIRCUIT-SAT求解迁移问题时的弱扩展性，本文提出一种类贪婪算法，通过逐渐扩展必须迁移的虚拟机子集搜索可行解。实验结果表明，Driftor能有效防御快速侧信道攻击，且针对真实云应用的防御开销较小。

关键词：云计算；侧信道攻击；信息泄露；多执行体架构；虚拟机切换；虚拟机迁移

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多用户大规模MIMO系统中基于压缩感知的结构化联合信道估计 Article

Ruo-yu ZHANG, Hong-lin ZHAO, Shao-bo JIA

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第18卷第12期页码 2082-2100 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601635

摘要：由于在基站处部署了大量天线，因而在大规模MIMO（multiple input multiple output）系统中发射机端获取信道状态信息需要大量的导频开销。为降低该系统所消耗的导频资源，本文基于压缩感知技术，提出了一种结构化联合信道估计的方法。首先分析了实际散射环境造成的角度域信道稀疏性，其中大规模MIMO系统中地理位置临近用户的信道矩阵存在共有稀疏结构和独立稀疏结构。同时，在压缩感知的框架下，用户配备多根天线能够进一步缓解导频开销的问题并能够提高信道估计的质量。在此基础上，本文提出了一种结构化联合信道估计算法，该算法能够以低导频开销联合估计多个用户的信道状态信息。此外，提供了该算法的共有支撑集恢复的概率上界和信道估计质量的上界。仿真结果表明该结构化联合信道估计算法能提供比现有算法更低的导频开销和更高的系统吞吐量。

关键词：压缩感知；多用户大规模MIMO；频分双工；结构化联合信道估计；导频开销降低

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Analysis of nonlinear channel friction inverse problem

CHENG Weiping, LIU Guohua

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第2期页码 205-210 doi: 10.1007/s11709-007-0024-0

摘要： Based on the Backus-Gilbert inverse theory, the singular value decomposition (SVD) for general inverse matrices and the optimization algorithm are used to solve the channel friction inverse problem. The resolution and covariance friction inverse model in matrix form is developed to examine the reliability of solutions. Theoretical analyses demonstrate that the convergence rate of the general Newton optimization algorithm is in the second-order. The Wiggins method is also incorporated into the algorithm. Using the method, noise can be suppressed effectively, and the results are close to accurate solutions with proper control parameters. Also, the numerical stability can be improved.

关键词： singular SVD second-order covariance Theoretical